2006年一篇發表在《皮膚病學文獻》(Archives of Dermatology)上的論文,就描述了馬松選手的癌症風險問題 [1]。文中指出,過去十年內,將近10名馬拉松選手患上惡性黑色素瘤,與對照組相比,他們患上惡性黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮膚癌的風險都有所上升。論文作者推測,癌症的發生可能主要與紫外線照射和長期大運動量訓練對免疫功能的影響有關。因此該文章建議在長跑的過程中注意紫外線防護,並適當控制運動量。
Malignant Melanoma in Marathon RunnersFREE,Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, MD; Rainer Hofmann-Wellenhof, MD; Erika Richtig, MD; Manuela Müller-Fürstner, MD; H. Peter Soyer, MD; Helmut Kerl, MDArch Dermatol. 2006;142(11):1471-1474.
Bray,Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury in Sweat: A Systematic Review,Margaret E. Sears, Kathleen J. Kerr, and Riina I. Journal of Environmental and Public Health Volume 2012 (2012)
A new technology that could revolutionize breast cancer screening is about to begin clinical trials in the Bay Area. Rather than a mammogram or ultrasound, this system can be used at home, with potentially life-saving information transmitted through a smartphone.
For Dian Gaxiola, a routine breast screening at El Camino Hospital in Mountain View turned out to be a lifesaver. Doctors caught her cancer at a very early stage and saved her breast.
"I was very lucky, I think because of the early detection," cancer survivor Dian Gaxiola said.
El Camino Hospital Radiologist Dr. Sila Yitta says routine mammograms and self-screening are the best defense, although many women don't always take advantage.
"In my experience it is hit or miss, I think women, some women are consistent in doing breast exams at home, some women don't do them at all, and I often times get questions from women, asking simply, 'How do I do an exam,'" Yitta said.
However soon, an experimental technology could help thousands of women and doctors screen for breast cancer in a new way. It's called the iTBra.
"So you'll be putting that on, so it'll now be centered over you,"
Cyrcadia Health CEO Rob Royea says the patches can be worn inside any normal bra. He said, "It's a wearable device with a number of sensors that check what happens with your circadian patterns of heat change on your breast over time."
Roye says the heat changes correlate to the accelerated cell activity associated with breast tumors. The results are then processed using sophisticated algorithms and transmitted to a smartphone.
"You wear the device for a few hours, and that information is automatically communicated to your physician," Rob Royea, Cyrcadia Health
Because the system is heat based, developers believe it may also offer advantages for some women with denser breast tissue, which can be more difficult to image using traditional mammography.
"We believe we're tissue agnostic. Meaning that for all tissues we react about the same," Rob Royea from Cyrcadia Health said.
The clinical trial being conducted at El Camino Hospital will study the results on women wearing the device for different lengths of time. The goal is to produce accurate readings in roughly two hours, ultimately making the system more convenient for women to use.
"An ideal breast cancer screening test would catch the cancer when it's smaller and easier to treat," Sila Yitta, M.D., from El Camino Hospital said.
And whether it's a routine mammogram, or at home screening, cancer survivor Dian Gaxiola believes any investment in early detection, is worth the time.
"It's very valuable," cancer survivor Fulldian Gaxioloa said.
If the trial is successful, Cyrcadia Health hopes to have the iTBra on the market later this year.
一家名為Cyrcadia Health的新企業就開發了名為iTbra的胸圍,它內部搭載了數個溫度探測器,並且可以配合一個程式來檢測佩戴者的乳房健康程度。該公司表示,這個產品的檢測速度比乳房X光更快,而且能夠提供更加準確的乳腺組織掃描結果。該公司CEO Rob Royea表示,截止到2016年,他們計劃在美國取得FDA認證,讓醫生用這種設備來代替傳統的乳房X光。